This algorithm utilizes a modified scanline method that takes advantage
of the fact that if you are filling rows starting from the top left and
going right, you do not need to check pixels very often except in
certain cases such as at the beginning or end of a row.
There are some tests on top of this that ensure correct filling in all
other cases. This leads to much-improved speed compared to the
4-directional queue method, and no heap allocations.
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