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In short: QEMU supports both Memory-Mapped-IO and classic IO methods for controlling the emulated VGA device. Bochs and VirtualBox only support the classic IO method. An excellent write up on the history of these interfaces can be found here: https://www.kraxel.org/blog/2018/10/qemu-vga-emulation-and-bochs-display The IO method was how things were done originally in SerenityOS. Commit6a728e2d76introduced the MMIO method for all devices, breaking Bochs and VirtualBox compatibility. Later in commit6a9dc5562dthe classic IO method was restored for VirtualBox graphics adapters. QEMU and Bochs use the same PCI VID/DID (0x1234/0x1111) for the emulated VGA adapter. To distinguish betwen QEMU and Bochs we use the PCI revision ID field (0=Bochs, 2=QEMU).