The fuse2fs tool that is part of e2fsprogs-1.46 has a 'fakeroot'
mount option. This allows a non-root users to modify file ownership
and permissions without actually being root. This package is
available in Debian bullseye and buster-backports.
If available, the script assumes the user wants to use it.
Otherwise, it falls back to the usual root requirements.
Now that root is not required, the root check in
build-root-filesystem.sh is not necessary. Since
build-root-filesystem.sh has 'set -e' enabled, removing this check
will not cause a change in functionality.